PAST PROGRESSIVE


Past Continuous Forms




The past continuous is formed using was/were + verb and -ING



1: Interrupted Action in the Past: 

past continuous interrupted action
Use the past continuous to indicate that a longer action in the past was interrupted. The interruption is usually a shorter action in the simple past. 
  • was watching TV when my mom called. (Yo estaba viendo la TV cuando mi mamá llamó)
  • When the cell phone rang, she was writing a letter. (Cuando el celular sonó, ella estaba escrbiendo una carta)
  • While we were having lunch, it started to rain. (Mientras nosotros estábamos desayunando, comenzó a llover)
  • What were you doing when the soccer match started? (¿Qué estabas haciendo cuando el partido comenzó?
  • While John was sleeping last night, someone stole his car. (Mientras John estaba durmiendo anoche, alguien robo su auto)
  • Sammy was waiting for us when we got off the plane. (Sammy estaba esperándonos cuando nosotrps bajamos del avión)

2: Specific Time as an Interruption

You can use a specific time as an interruption
  • Last night at 6 PM, I was eating dinner. (ayer a las 6 p.m., yo estaba cenando)
  • At midnight, we were still driving through the desert. (A medianoche, nosotros estabamos aun manejando a través del desierto)
  • Yesterday at this time, I was sitting at my desk at work. (Ayer a esta hora, yo me estaba sentando en mi escritorio del trabajo)

3: Parallel Actions

past continuous parallel actions
When you use the past continuous with two actions in the same sentence, it expresses the idea that both actions were happening at the same time. The actions are parallel.
  • was studying while he was making dinner. (Yo estaba estudiando mientras él estaba haciendo la cena)
  • While Ellen was reading, Tim was watching television. (Mientras Ellen estaba leyendo, Tim estaba viendo television)
  • Were you listening while he was talking? (¿Estabas escuchando mientras el estaba hablando)
  • wasn't paying attention while I was writing the letter, so I made several mistakes. (Yo no estba poniendo atención mientras estaba escribiendo la carta, por eso, yo cometí varios errores)
  • What were you doing while you were waiting? (¿Qué estabas haciendo mientras tu estabas esperando?)
  • They were eating dinner, discussing their plans, and having a good time. (Ellos se estaban sentando a cenar, discutiendo sus planes, y pasando un buen rato)

4: Atmosphere

In English, we often use a series of parallel actions to describe the atmosphere at a particular time in the past.
  • When I walked into the office, several people were busily typing, some were talking on the phones, the boss was yelling directions, and customers were waiting to be helped. One customer was yelling at a secretary and waving his hands. Others were complaining to each other about the bad service.
(Cuando entré a la oficina, varias personas estaban ocupadas escribiendo, algunas estaban hablando por teléfono, el jefe estaba gritando instrucciones y los clientes estaban esperando ayuda. Un cliente le estaba gritando a una secretaria y estaba agitando las manos. Otros se estaban quejando entre sí por el mal servicio)

5: Repetition and Irritation with "Always"

past continuous repetition always
The past continuous with words such as "always" or "constantly" expresses the idea that something irritating or shocking often happened in the past. 
  • She was always coming to class late. (Ella siempre estaba llegando tarde a la clase)
  • He was constantly talking. He annoyed everyone. (Él estaba constantemente hablando. El molestaba a todos)
  • I didn't like them because they were always complaining. (No me caen bien porque ellos siempre estaban quejándose) 


FORM                        AFFIRMATIVE           NEGATIVE                      INTERROGATIVE
I /HE/ SHE/ IT            I was speaking           I was not speaking           Was I speaking?
WE/ YOU/ THEY       You were speaking     You were not speaking     Were you speaking?


SPELLING RULES 

Most of the time -ING is added to the verb: 
  • e.g. speak-speaking / walk-walking / listen-listening / draw-drawing 
  • (e.g. hablar-hablando/ caminar-caminando/ escuchar-escuchando/ dibujar-dibujando)
Final "E" is dropped (but "ee" is not changed):    
  • e.g. come-coming/ invite-inviting/ write-writing.
  • (e.g. venir-viniendo/ invitar-invitando / escribir-escribiendo)
  • NOTE: BE-BEING
After a short stressed vowel, the finnal consonant es doubled:
  • e.g. sit-sitting / stop-stopping / refer-referring /swim-swimming
  • (e.g. sentar-sentando/ parar-parando / referir-refiriendo / nadar-nadando)
"L" as final consonant after a vowel is doubled. (British English)
  • e.g. travel-travelling / label-labelling 
  • (e.g. viajar-viajando / etiquetar-etiquetando)
Final "IE" becomes "Y"
  • e.g. lie-lying / die-dying 
  • (e.g. mentir-mintiendo / morir-muriendo)

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